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Elliptical head

Elliptical head is a type of pressure vessel head consisting of a curved surface with a shape that resembles an ellipse or a squashed circle.

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Description

Elliptical head is a type of pressure vessel head consisting of a curved surface with a shape that resembles an ellipse or a squashed circle.

The elliptical head ( or named ellipsoidal head ) which is a head consisting of two parts: a rotating ellipsoidal sphere and a cylindrical straight section. Elliptical tank head is fabricated to have a certain shape instead of a particular dish radius or knuckle radius. The dish radius is approximately 90% of the diameter and the knuckle radius is approximately 17% of the diameter. 2:1 elliptical flanged and dished heads are ASME compliant.

elliptical head drawing
elliptical head drawing

 

Material of Elliptical head

  • Carbon steel tank ends/caps, flat dished head: SA516 GR60N,GR70N
  • Stainless steel ellipsoidal dished end, elliptical tank head: SA240 304, 316
  • Titanium alloy pressure vessel ends: SB256 GR1, GR2, GR5

Usage of elliptical head

Elliptical heads are commonly used in the design and construction of tanks and pressure vessels that operate under high pressure conditions. They are typically used at the end of cylindrical vessels where the transition is made from the cylindrical part to the end closure.

Some common applications of elliptical heads include:

  • Pressure vessels: Elliptical heads are frequently used as end closures for pressure vessels such as boilers, reactors, and distillation columns. These vessels are used in industries such as oil and gas, chemical processing, and power generation.
  • Tanks: Elliptical heads can be used in the construction of storage tanks for liquids or gases such as water, fuel, and natural gas. They provide a smooth transition between the tank body and the tank head.
  • Heat exchangers: Elliptical heads can also be used in the construction of heat exchangers such as shell-and-tube heat exchangers, which are used in a wide range of industries including food processing, pharmaceuticals, and HVAC.

Elliptical heads are widely used in various industries where pressure vessels, tanks, or heat exchangers are required to operate at high pressures and temperatures. The specific application, size, material, and thickness of an elliptical head depend on the requirements and design standards of the project.

What should be considered in the selection of the heads?

  1. Customer requirements.
  2. Requirements of Chemical Process.
  3. Conical heads are used for vertical vessels of solid masses to facilitate the flow and discharge of masses. Elliptical head or spherical head for liquid masses.
  4. Stirred pressure vessels should determine the shape of the head according to the shape of the slurry leaf and the flow form of the working mass.
  5. According to the pressure. For medium and low pressure pressure vessels, ellipsoidal heads are mostly used. For high pressure and ultra-high pressure pressure vessels, spherical heads are mostly used.
  6. Determine from the analysis of considering the stress situation. If the stress transition zone of ellipsoidal head is opened with larger openings and the local stress is too large, spherical head can also be considered.

Features

Pipe Caps are used for connecting pipes of different diameters and find wide applications in various chemicals, construction industries, paper, cement & ship builders.

Lifting and handling of a Pressure vesselLifting and handling of a Pressure vessel

Pipe caps are widely well-known for the utmost output and outstanding results that it gives.

Size range:

Out diameter: 1/2″-60″ DN15-DN1500
Wall Thickness: sch10-80s
Pressure: SCH5 to SCH160v
Max. wall thickness: 200mm
Bending, squeezing, pressing, forging, machining and more

Size

Sunny Steel are Manufacturer, Exporter and Supplier of Pipe Cap. Pipe caps are widely well-known for the utmost output and outstanding results that it gives. Pipe Cap manufactured using superior grade raw materials.

Pipe Cap are used for connecting pipes of different diameters and find wide applications in various chemicals, construction industries, paper, cement & ship builders

Out diameterHigh sizeWall thickness accord to 'E'
DNNPSEE1E
151/225253.73
203/425253.91
25138384.55
321 1/438384.85
401 1/238385.08
50238445.54
652 1/238517.01
80351647.62
903 1/264768.08
100464768.56
125576899.53
15068910210.97
200810212712.7
2501012715212.7
3001215217812.7
3501416519112.7
4001617820312.7
4501820322912.7
5002022925412.7
5502225425412.7
6002426730512.7
65026267
70028267
75030267
80032267
85034267
90036267
95038305
100040305
105042305
110044343
115046343
120048343
Size range: 1/2 to 56 inches (DN15 to DN1400)
Pressure: SCH5 to SCH160v
Wall Thickness:sch10, sch20, sch30, std, sch40, sch60, xs, sch80, sch100, sch120, sch140, sch160, xxs, sch5s, sch20s, sch40s, sch80s
Max. wall thickness: 200mm

Size range of A234 WPB large diameter eipe cap

ODNDINCHSCH20SCH40SCH80STDXS
WeightWeightWeightWeightWeight
88.98030.660.920.660.92
114.310041.171.671.171.67
141.312551.912.781.912.78
168.315062.94.472.94.47
219.120084.095.198.055.198.05
273250106.369.1512.59.1512.5
323.8300129.0814.426.813.217.3
355.63501413.218.834.515.920.4
406.44001616.826.747.720.426.3
457.24501824.841.867.725.933.6
5085002032.254.991.332.242.7
558.85502237.749.9
609.66002446.393.115546.359.5
Based on different materials, pipe caps include carbon steel cap, stainless steel cap, and alloy steel cap etc.
Depending on their construction, pipe caps contain threaded cap, tapered cap and anti-roll cap etc.


End Caps DIN 2617 dimensions standard

Outside diameterWall thicknessHeightWeight
mmmmmmkg
Ds1
21,32,025,00,060
26,92,332,00,070
33,72,638,00,110
3,20,130
42,42,638,00,130
3,60,170
48,32,638,00,200
4,00,230
60,32,938,00,280
4,50,320
76,12,938,00,340
5,00,390
88,93,251,00,530
5,60,700
108,03,664,01,000
114,33,664,01,000
6,31,500
133,04,076,01,600
139,74,076,01,700
6,32,500
159,04,590,02,400
168,34,589,02,650
7,13,550
219,06,3100,05,550
8,06,700
273,06,3127,08,800
323,97,1152,014,000
355,68,0165,016,500
406,48,8178,018,200
508,011,0229,038,000

DIN 28011 pipe end cap dimensions

ISO - dimensions
dimensions d1 x sheight Lweight / kg
21,3 x 2,09,00,01
26,9 x 2,09,00,01
33,7 x 2,013,00,02
42,4 x 2,013,00,04
48,3 x 2,013,50,05
60,3 x 2,018,50,07
76,1 x 2,020,50,10
88,9 x 2,025,00,15
114,3 x 2,028,00,26
114,3 x 3,029,00,39
139,7 x 3,038,50,60
168,3 x 3,047,50,90
219,1 x 3,063,51,32
273,0 x 3,093,01,95
323,9 x 3,0102,02,70
355,6 x 3,0109,03,80
406,4 x 3,0123,05,00
457,2 x 3,0123,06,10
508,0 x 3,0133,07,60
Metric dimensions
dimensions d1 x sheight Lweight / kg
20,0 x 2,09,00,02
25,0 x 2,09,00,03
30,0 x 2,013,50,03
35,0 x 2,013,50,04
44,0 x 2,015,00,04
54,0 x 2,015,00,05
70,0 x 2,019,50,07
84,0 x 2,024,00,15
104,0 x 2,028,00,20
129,0 x 2,037,00,36
154,0 x 2,043,00,50
156,0 x 3,044,00,94
204,0 x 2,062,00,80
206,0 x 3,063,01,20
254,0 x 2,072,01,30
256,0 x 3,073,01,95
306,0 x 3,083,02,50

Cap geometry

Out diameterHigh sizeWall thickness accord to 'E'
DNNPSEE1E
151/225253.73
203/425253.91
25138384.55
321 1/438384.85
401 1/238385.08
50238445.54
652 1/238517.01
80351647.62
903 1/264768.08
100464768.56
125576899.53
15068910210.97
200810212712.7
2501012715212.7
3001215217812.7
3501416519112.7
4001617820312.7
4501820322912.7
5002022925412.7
5502225425412.7
6002426730512.7
65026267
70028267
75030267
80032267
85034267
90036267
95038305
100040305
105042305
110044343
115046343
120048343

Theoretical weight of cap fittings

D(inch)DNODSCH5sSCH10sSCH10SCH20SCH30SCH40sSTDSCH40
1/8"610.3-1.241.731.731.73
1/4"813.7-1.65---2.242.242.24
3/8"1017.1-1.65---2.312.312.31
1/2"1521.31.652.11---2.772.772.77
3/4"2026.71.652.11---2.872.872.87
1"2533.41.652.77---3.383.383.38
11/4"3242.21.652.77---3.563.563.56
11/2"4048.31.652.77---3.683.683.68
2"5060.31.652.77---3.913.913.91
21/2"65732.113.05---5.165.165.16
3"8088.92.113.05---5.495.495.49
31/2"90101.62.113.05---5.745.745.74
4"100114.32.113.05---6.026.026.02
5"125141.32.773.4---6.556.556.55
6"150168.32.773.4---7.117.117.11
8"200219.12.773.76-6.357.048.188.188.18
10"250273.13.44.19-6.357.89.279.279.27
12"300323.93.964.57-6.358.839.539.5310.31
14"350355.63.964.786.357.929.53-9.5311.13
16"400406.44.194.786.357.929.53-9.5312.7
18"450457.24.194.786.357.9211.13-9.5314.27
20"5005084.785.546.359.5312.7-9.5315.09
22"550558.84.785.546.359.5312.7-9.53
24"600609.65.546.356.359.5314.27-9.5317.48
26"650660.4--7.9212.7--9.53-
28"700711.2--7.9212.715.88-9.53-
30"7507626.357.927.9212.715.88-9.53-
32"800812.8--7.9212.715.88-9.5317.48
34"850863.6--7.9212.715.88-9.5317.48
36"900914.4--7.9212.715.88-9.5319.05
38"950965.2------9.53-
40"10001016------9.53-
42"10501066.8------9.53-
44"11001117.6------9.53-
46"11501168.4------9.53-
48"12001219.2------9.53-

Standard

Pipe fitting dimensions are in either metric or Standard English. Because pipe fitting covers Pipe Fitting Dimensions several aspects, only the most common pipe fitting sizes can be given here. The most applied version is the 90° long radius and the 45° elbow, while the 90° short radius elbow is applied if there is too little space. The function of a 180° elbow is to change direction of flow through 180°. Both, the LR and the SR types have a center to center dimension double the matching 90° elbows. These fittings will generally be used in furnesses or other heating or cooling units.

Some of the standards that apply to buttwelded fittings are listed below. Many organizations such as ASME, ASTM, ISO, MSS, etc. have very well developed standards and specifications for buttwelded fittings. It is always up to the designer to ensure that they are following the applicable standard and company specification, if available, during the design process.

Some widely used pipe fitting standards are as follows:

ASME: American Society for Mechanical Engineers
This is one of the reputed organizations in the world developing codes and standards.
The schedule number for pipe fitting starts from ASME/ANSI B16. The various classifications of ASME/ANSI B16 standards for different pipe fittings are as follows:

  • ASME/ANSI B16.1 – 1998 – Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
  • ASME/ANSI B16.3 – 1998 – Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings
  • ASME/ANSI B16.4 – 1998 – Cast Iron Threaded Fittings
  • ASME/ANSI B16.5 – 1996 – Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
  • ASME/ANSI B16.11 – 2001 – Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
  • ASME/ANSI B16.14 – 1991 – Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings and Locknuts with Pipe Threads
  • ASME/ANSI B16.15 – 1985 (R1994) – Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings
  • ASME/ANSI B16.25 – 1997 – Buttwelding Ends
  • ASME/ANSI B16.36 – 1996 – Orifice Flanges etc.

ASTM International: American Society for Testing and Materials
This is one of the largest voluntary standards development organizations in the world. It was originally known as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).

  • ASTM A105 / A105M – Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications
  • ASTM A234 / A234M – Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service
  • ASTM A403 / A403M – Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings
  • ASTM A420 / A420M – Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service

AWWA: American Water Works Association

AWWA About – Established in 1881, the American Water Works Association is the largest nonprofit, scientific and educational association dedicated to managing and treating water, the world’s most important resource.

  • AWWA C110 – Ductile-Iron and Gray-Iron Fittings, 3 Inch Through 48 Inch (75 mm Through 1200 mm), for Water and Other Liquids
  • AWWA C208 – Dimensions for Fabricated Steel Water Pipe Fittings

ANSI: The American National Standards Institute

ANSI is a private, non-profit organization. Its main function is to administer and coordinate the U.S. voluntary standardization and conformity assessment system. It provides a forum for development of American national standards. ANSI assigns “schedule numbers”. These numbers classify wall thicknesses for different pressure uses.

MSS STANDARDS: Manufacturers Standardization Society
The Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS) of the Valve and Fittings Industry is a non-profit technical association organized for development and improvement of industry, national and international codes and standards for: Valves, Valve Actuators, Valve Modification, Pipe Fittings, Pipe Hangers, Pipe Supports, Flanges and Associated Seals

  • MSS SP-43 – Wrought Stainless Steel Butt-Welding Fittings Including Reference to Other Corrosion Resistant Materials
  • MSS SP-75 – Specifications for High Test Wrought Buttwelding Fittings
  • MSS SP-73 – Brazing Joints for Copper and Copper Alloy Pressure Fittings
  • MSS SP-83 – Class 3000 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket-Welding and Threaded
  • MSS SP-97 – Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings — Socket Welding, Threaded, and Buttwelding Ends
  • MSS SP-106 – Cast Copper Alloy Flanges and Flanged Fittings Class 125,150, and 300
  • MSS SP-119 – Factory-Made Wrought Belled End Socket Welding Fittings

Difference between “Standard” and “Codes”:

Piping codes imply the requirements of design, fabrication, use of materials, tests and inspection of various pipe and piping system. It has a limited jurisdiction defined by the code. On the other hand, piping standards imply application design and construction rules and requirements for pipe fittings like adapters, flanges, sleeves, elbows, union, tees, valves etc. Like a code, it also has a limited scope defined by the standard.

Factors affecting standards: “Standards” on pipe fittings are based on certain factors like as follows:

  • Pressure-temperature ratings
  • Size
  • Design
  • Coatings
  • Materials
  • Marking
  • End connections
  • Dimensions and tolerances
  • Threading
  • Pattern taper etc.

BSP: British Standard Pipe

BSP is the U.K. standard for pipe fittings. This refers to a family of standard screw thread types for interconnecting and sealing pipe ends by mating an external (male) with an internal (female) thread. This has been adopted internationally. It is also known as British Standard Pipe Taper threads (BSPT )or British Standard Pipe Parallel (Straight) threads (BSPP ). While the BSPT achieves pressure tight joints by the threads alone, the BSPP requires a sealing ring.

JIS: Japanese Industrial Standards

This is the Japanese industrial standards or the standards used for industrial activities in Japan for pipe, tube and fittings and published through Japanese Standards Associations.

NPT: National Pipe Thread

National Pipe Thread is a U.S. standard straight (NPS) threads or for tapered (NPT) threads. This is the most popular US standard for pipe fittings. NPT fittings are based on the internal diameter (ID) of the pipe fitting.

BOLTS & NUTS

We are manufacturer of Flange bolts & Nuts and supply high quality

  • A193 = This specification covers alloy and stainless steel bolting material for pressure vessels, Valves, flanges, and fittings for high temperature or high pressure service, or other special purpose applications.
  • A320 = Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature Service.
  • A194 = Standard specification for nuts in many different material types.

AN: Here, “A” stands for Army and “N” stands for Navy

The AN standard was originally designed for the U.S. Military. Whenever, a pipe fitting is AN fittings, it means that the fittings are measured on the outside diameter of the fittings, that is, in 1/16 inch increments.

For example, an AN 4 fitting means a fitting with an external diameter of approximately 4/16″ or ¼”. It is to be noted that approximation is important because AN external diameter is not a direct fit with an equivalent NPT thread.

Dash (-) size

Dash size is the standard used to refer to the inside diameter of a hose. This indicates the size by a two digit number which represents the relative ID in sixteenths of an inch. This is also used interchangeably with AN fittings. For example, a Dash “8” fitting means an AN 8 fitting.

ISO: International Organization for Standardization

ISO is the industrial pipe, tube and fittings standards and specifications from the International Organization for Standardization. ISO standards are numbered. They have format as follows:

“ISO[/IEC] [IS] nnnnn[:yyyy] Title” where

  • nnnnn: standard number
  • yyyy: year published, and
  • Title: describes the subject

How are pipe fittings measured?

Pipe fittings are measured by their diameter, wall thickness (known as “schedule”), and shape or configuration. (Fittings are also defined by their material grade and whether they are welded or seamless.)

Diameter refers to outside diameter of a pipe or fitting.

The North American standard is known as Nominal Pipe Size (NPS). The International Standard is known as Diameter Nominal (DN). Pipes and fittings are actually made in similar sizes around the world: they are just labeled differently.

From ½ in to 12 inch “Nominal Pipe Size”, outside diameters are slightly larger than indicated size; inside diameters get smaller as schedules grow.

From 14 in and larger “Nominal Pipe Size”, outside diameters are exactly as indicated size; inside diameters get smaller as schedules grow.
As with other North American standards (inch, foot, yard, mile, …), many pipe standards (diameters up to 12 inch and wall thickness) are based on historical precedents (a toolmaker’s dies during US Civil War) rather than a “scientific” method.

Schedule Numbers

The schedule numbers are used by the ANSI (American National Standards Institute) to denote wall thickness. The schedule numbers encompass all pipe dimensions beginning at NPS 1/8” up NPS 36”. Note that this configuration is only for fittings that match with a particular ANSI schedule number.

Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) is a North American set of standard sizes for pipes used for high or low pressures and temperatures.

  • Schedule, often shortened as sch, is a North American standard that refers to wall thickness of a pipe or pipe fitting. Higher schedules mean thicker walls that can resist higher pressures.
  • Pipe standards define these wall thicknesses: SCH 5, 5S, 10, 10S, 20, 30, 40, 40S, 60, 80, 80S, 100, 120, 140, 160, STD, XS and XXS. (S following a number is for stainless steel. Sizes without an S are for carbon steel.)
  • Higher schedules are heavier, require more material and are therefore more costly to make and install.

What does “schedule” mean for pipe fittings?

Schedule, often shortened as SCH, is a North American standard that refers to wall thickness of a pipe or pipe fitting.

What is schedule 40, SCH80?

Higher schedules mean thicker walls that can resist higher pressures.

Pipe standards define these wall thicknesses: SCH 5, 5S, 10, 10S, 20, 30, 40, 40S, 60, 80, 80S, 100, 120, 140, 160, STD, XS and XXS.
(S following a number is for stainless steel. Sizes without an S are for carbon steel.)

Higher schedules are heavier, require more material and are therefore more costly to make and install.

General standard

StandardSpecification
ASTM A234Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service
ASTM A420Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature Service
ASTM A234 WPBASTM A234 is Standard Specification for steel pipe fittings includes carbon and alloy steel material for moderate and high temperature services. WPB is one of the steel grade in this standard
ASME B16.9ASME B16.9 Standard covers overall dimensions, tolerances,ratings, testing, and markings for factory-made wrought buttwelding fittings in sizes NPS 1⁄2 through NPS 48 (DN 15 through DN 1200).
ASME B16.28ASME B16.28 Standard covers ratings, overall dimensions, testing, tolerances, and markings for wrought carbon and alloy steel buttwelding short radius elbows and returns.
MSS SP-97MSS SP-97 Standard Practice covers essential dimensions, finish, tolerances, testing, marking, material, and minimum strength requirements for 90 degree integrally reinforced forged branch outlet fittings of buttwelding, socket welding, and threaded types.
ASTM A403Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings.

Wide variety for all areas of application

DINENASME
St 35.8 I
St 35.8 III
15 Mo 3
13 CrMo 4 4
10 CrMo 9 10
St 35 N
St 52.0
St 52.4
P235GH-TC1
P235GH-TC2
16Mo3
13CrMo4-5
10CrMo9-10
X10CrMoVNb9-1
P215NL
P265NL
L360NB
L360NE
P355N
P355NL1
P355NH
WPB
WPL6
WPL3
WPHY 52
WP11
WP22
WP5
WP9
WP91
WP92

ASTM A234

ASTM A234/ASME SA234M standard specification for piping fittings of wrought carbon steel and alloy steel for moderate and high temperature service.

Chemical Composition (%) of ASTM A234/A234M

GradeTypeCSiSPMnCrNiMoOtheróbósδ5
WPB0.30.1min0.0580.050.29-1.060.40.40.15V:0.06;Nb:0.02415-58524022197
WPC0.350.1min0.0580.050.29-1.060.40.40.15V:0.06;Nb:0.02485-65527522197
WP10.280.1-0.50.0450.0450.3-0.90.44-0.65380-55020522197
WP12 CL10.05-0.20.60.0450.0450.3-0.80.8-1.250.44-0.65415-58522022197
WP12 CL20.05-0.20.60.0450.0450.3-0.80.8-1.250.44-0.65485-65527522197
WP11 CL10.05-0.150.5-10.030.030.3-0.61-1.50.44-0.65415-58520522197
WP11 CL20.05-0.20.5-10.040.040.3-0.81-1.50.44-0.65485-65527522197
WP11 CL30.05-0.20.5-10.040.040.3-0.81-1.50.44-0.65520-69031022197
WP22 CL10.05-0.150.50.040.040.3-0.61.9-2.60.87-1.13415-58520522197
WP22 CL30.05-0.150.50.040.040.3-0.61.9-2.60.87-1.13520-69031022197
WP5 CL10.150.50.030.040.3-0.64-60.44-0.65415-58520522217
WP5 CL30.150.50.030.040.3-0.64-60.44-0.65520-69031022217
WP9 CL10.1510.030.030.3-0.68-100.9-1.1415-58520522217
WP9 CL30.1510.030.030.3-0.68-100.9-1.1520-69031022217
WPR0.20.050.0450.4-1.061.6-2.24435-60531522/28217
WP910.08-0.120.2-0.50.010.020.3-0.68-9.50.40.85-1.05See sdandard585-76041520248
WP9110.09-0.130.1-0.50.010.020.3-0.68.5-10.50.40.9-1.1See sdandard620-84044020248
Notes:

For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified C maximum, an increase of 0.06% Mn above the specified maximum will be permitted, up to a maximum of 1.35%.
The sum of Cu, Ni, Cr, and Mo shall not exceed 1.00%.
The sum of Cr and Mo shall not exceed 0.32%.
The maximum carbon equivalent (C.E.) shall be 0.50, based on heat analysis and the formula C.E.=C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Ni+Cu)/15.

Mechanical properties of ASTM A234

Tensile RequirementsWPBWPC, WP11CL2WP11CL1 WP11CL3
Tensile Strength, min, ksi[MPa]
(0.2% offset or 0.5% extension-under-load)
60-85
[415-585]
70-95
[485-655]
60-85
[415-585]
 75-100
[520-690]
Yield Strength, min, ksi[MPa]32
[240]
40
[275]
30
[205]
45
[310]

ASTM A403

ASTM A403 Standard specification covers the standard for wrought austenitic stainless steel fittings for pressure piping applications.

Chemical Composition (%) of ASTM A403

Steel No.TypeCSiSPMnCrNiMoOtheróbósδ5
WP3040.0810.030.045218-208-1151520528
WP304H0.04-0.110.030.045218-208-1151520528
WP304L0.03510.030.045218-208-1348517028
WP304LN0.030.750.030.045218-208-10.5N2:0.1-0.1651520528
WP304N0.080.750.030.045218-208-11N2:0.1-0.1655024028
WP3090.1510.030.045222-2412-1551520528
WP3100.151.50.030.045224-2619-2251520528
WP3160.0810.030.045216-1810-142-351520528
WP316H0.04-0.110.030.045216-1810-142-351520528
WP316LN0.030.750.030.045216-1811-142-3N2:0.1-0.1651520528
WP316L0.03510.030.045216-1810-162-348517028
WP316N0.080.750.030.045216-1811-142-3N2:0.1-0.1655024028
WP3170.0810.030.045218-2011-153-451520528
WP317L0.0310.030.045218-2011-153-451520528
WP3210.0810.030.045217-209-13Ti:5C-0.751520528
WP321H0.04-0.110.030.045217-209-13Ti:4C-0.751520528
WP3470.0810.030.045217-209-13Nb+Ta:10C-1.151520528
WP347H0.04-0.110.030.045217-209-13Nb+Ta:8C-151520528
WP3480.0810.030.045217-209-13Ta:0.151520528
WP348H0.04-0.110.030.045217-209-13Ta:0.151520528
Notes:

For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified C maximum, an increase of 0.06% Mn above the specified maximum will be permitted, up to a maximum of 1.35%.
The sum of Cu, Ni, Cr, and Mo shall not exceed 1.00%.
The sum of Cr and Mo shall not exceed 0.32%.
The maximum carbon equivalent (C.E.) shall be 0.50, based on heat analysis and the formula C.E.=C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Ni+Cu)/15.

Mechanical properties of ASTM A403

GradeUNSTensile Strength, minYield Strength,minElongation min % in 4D
ksiMPaksiMPaLongit %Trans%
ALLALL75515302052820
304LS3040370485251702820
316LS3160370485251702820
304NS3045180550352402820
316NS3165180550352402820
S3172680550352402820
XM-19S20910100690553802820
S3125494-119650-820443002820
S34565115795604152820
S3322873500271852820

Material Furnished to this specification shall conform to the requirements of specifications A960/A960M including any supplementary requirements that are indicates in the purchase order. Failure to company with the common requirements of Specification A960/A960M constitutes non-conformance with this specification . In case of conflict between this specification and Specification A960/A960M , this specification shall prevail.

ASTM A420

ASTM A420/A420M-07 standard specification for piping fittings of wrought carbon steel and alloy steel for low-temperature service.

ASTM A420 Chemical Composition Requirements

ElementsWPL6, %WPL9, %WPL3, %WPL8, %
Carbon [C]≤0.30≤0.20≤0.20≤0.13
Manganese [Mn]0.50-1.350.40-1.060.31-0.64≤0.90
Phosphorus [P]≤0.035≤0.030≤0.05≤0.030
Sulfur [S]≤0.040≤0.030≤0.05≤0.030
Silicon [Si]0.15-0.400.13-0.370.13-0.37
Nickel [Ni]≤0.401.60-2.243.2-3.88.4-9.6
Chromium [Cr]≤0.30.........
Molybdenum [Mo]≤0.12.........
Copper [Cu]≤0.400.75-1.25
Columbium [Cb]≤0.02.........
Vanadium[V]≤0.08.........
*For grade WPL6, the limit for Columbium may be increased up to 0.05% on heat analysis and 0.06% on product analysis.
*Fittings of WPL3 made from plate or forgings may have 0.90 % max manganese.
*Fittings of WPL8 made from plate may have 0.98 % max manganese.

ASTM A420 Mechanical Properties

ASTM A420/ A420MTensile Strength, min.Yield Strength, min.Elongation %, min
GradeksiMPaksiMPaLongitudinalTransverse
WPL665-95415-655352402212
WPL963-88435-6104631520
WPL365-90450-620352402214
WPL8100-125690-8657551516
*All the elongation values are on the basis of standard round specimen, or small proportional specimen, min % in 4 D.

ASTM A234 is Standard Specification for steel pipe fittings includes carbon and alloy steel material for moderate and high temperature services.

ASME B16.9

ASME B16.9 Standard covers overall dimensions, tolerances,ratings, testing, and markings for factory-made wrought buttwelding fittings in sizes NPS 1⁄2 through NPS 48 (DN 15 through DN 1200).

ASME / ANSI B16.9 dimension

NominalOutside Diameter90° Elbows45° Elbows180° Returns
Pipe Size
Long RadiusShort RadiusLong RadiusLong Radius
(inches)(mm)(inches)Center to FaceCenter to FaceCenter to FaceRadiusCenter to CenterBack to face
(inches)(inches)(inches)(inches)(inches)(inches)
1/221.30.841.55/821.875
3/426.71.051.1257/162.251.6875
133.41.3151.517/832.1875
1.2542.21.661.8751.2513.752.75
1.548.31.92.251.51.12534.53.25
260.32.375321.375464.1875
2.5732.8753.752.51.7557.55.1875
388.93.54.532696.25
3.5101.645.253.52.25710.57.25
4114.34.5642.58128.25
5141.35.5637.553.125101510.3125
6168.36.625963.75121812.3125
8219.18.6251285122416.3125
10273.110.7515106.25153020.375
12323.912.7518127.5183624.375

Tolerances of Welded Fittings

NOMINAL PIPE SIZE NPSANGULARITY TOLERANCESANGULARITY TOLERANCES
SizeOff Angle QOff Plane P
½ to 40.030.06
5 to 80.060.12
10 to 120.090.19
14 to 160.090.25
18 to 240.120.38
26 to 300.190.38
32 to 420.190.5
44 to 480.180.75
All dimensions are given in inches. Tolerances are equal plus and minus except as noted.
1. Out-of-round is the sum of absolute values of plus and minus tolerance.
2. This tolerance may not apply in localized areas of formed fittings where increased wall thickness is required to meet design requirements of ASME B16.9.
3. The inside diameter and the nominal wall thicknesses at ends are to be specified by the purchaser.
4. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, these tolerances apply to the nominal inside diameter, which equals the difference between the nominal outside diameter and twice the nominal wall thickness.

MSS SP-97

MSS SP-97 Standard Practice covers essential dimensions, finish, tolerances, testing, marking, material, and minimum strength requirements for 90 degree integrally reinforced forged branch outlet fittings of buttwelding, socket welding, and threaded types.

Buttwelding Ends

Nominal wall Thickness : tEnd Preparation
t<5mm (for austenitic alloy steel t<4mm)Cut square or slightly chamfer at manufacturer ‘ s option
5Plain Bevel as in sketch ( a ) above
t>22mmCompound Bevel as in sketch ( b ) above

Chemical Composition Requirements of MSS SP 75

ElementsValue, %
Carbon (C)≤0.30
Manganese (Mn)≤1.60
Phosphorus (P)≤0.035
Sulfur (S)≤0.035
Copper (Cu)≤0.50
Nickel (Ni)≤0.50
Silicon (Si)≤0.50
Chromium (Cr)≤0.25
Molybdenum (Mo)≤0.13
Vanadium (V)≤0.13
Columbium (Cb)≤0.10
Titanium(Ti)≤0.05
*1. The sum of Cu, Ni, Cr and Mo shall not exceed 1%.
*2. Carbon equivalent C.E.=C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Ni+Cu)/15 shall not exceed 0.45%.

Manufacturing Standards of Buttweld Pipe End, Buttweld Pipe Cap

  • ASME: ANSI B16.9, ANSI B16.28, MSS-SP-43
  • DIN: DIN2605, DIN2615, DIN2616, DIN2617, DIN28011
  • EN: EN10253-1, EN10253-2
  • ASTM A403 – ASME SA403 Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings
  • ASME B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Fittings Buttwelding
  • ASME B16.25 Buttwelding Ends
  • ASME B16.28 Wrought Steel Short Radius Elbows and Buttwelding Returns
  • MSS SP-43 Wrought and Fabricated Butt-Welding Fittings for Low Pressure, Corrosion Resistant Applications

Buttweld Pipe End Material Grades

  • Stainless Steel Pipe Cap ASTM A403 WP Gr. 304, 304H, 309, 310, 316, 316L, 317L, 321, 347, 904L
  • Carbon Steel Pipe Cap ASTM A 234 WPB , WPBW, WPHY 42, WPHY 46, WPHY 52, WPH 60, WPHY 65 & WPHY 70.
  • Low Temperature Carbon Steel Pipe Cap ASTM A420 WPL3, A420 WPL6
  • Alloy Steel Pipe Cap ASTM / ASME A/SA 234 Gr. WP 1, WP 5, WP 9, WP 11, WP 12, WP 22, WP 91
  • Duplex Pipe Cap ASTM A 815, ASME SA 815 UNS NO S31803, S32205. Werkstoff No. 1.4462
  • Nickel Alloy Pipe Cap ASTM / ASME SB 336 UNS 2200 ( NICKEL 200 ), UNS 2201 (NICKEL 201 ), UNS 4400 (MONEL 400 ), UNS 8020 ( ALLOY 20 / 20 CB 3, UNS 8825 INCONEL (825), UNS 6600 (INCONEL 600 ), UNS 6601 ( INCONEL 601 ), UNS 6625 (INCONEL 625), UNS 10276 ( HASTELLOY C 276 )

Packing

For packing of carbon steel flanges with painting,we would use the bubble wrap to protect the painting.For flanges without painting or oiled with long-term shipment,we would suggest client to use the anti-tarnish paper and plastic bag to prevent the rust. Packing reducers in wooden cases

Wrap the plastic tightly around the pipe to protect the tee

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FAQ

Q: How long is your delivery time? A: The delivery time of customized products is generally 25 35 days, and non customized products are generally shipped within 24 hours after payment. Q: Do you provide samples? Is it free? A: If the value of the sample is low, we will provide it for free, but the freight needs to be paid by the customer. But for some high value samples, we need to charge a fee. Q: What are your payment terms? A: T/T 30% as the deposit,The balance payment is paid in full before shipment Q: What is the packaging and transportation form? A: Non steaming wooden box and iron frame packaging. Special packaging is available according to customer needs. The transportation is mainly by sea. Q: What is your minimum order quantity? A: There is no minimum order quantity requirement. Customized products are tailor made according to the drawings provided by the customer.