A common example using welded pipe fitting is a pipe reduced by concentric reducer, welded to a weld neck flange and connected to an equipment. Figure below represent complete collection of butt welded pipe fitting

Benefits of butt weld pipe fittings

The benefit to using a butt weld fitting is that it doesn’t leak. Because the butt weld is welded directly to pipe and not simply bolted together, it is not only much stronger than a typical fitting, but it allows for better flow through the system with less resistance to friction. Welded fittings also allows for better layout designs through key features such as being more compact and greater in strength.

ASTM A234/ASME SA234M Standard Specification

Welding Bevel acc.to ASME / ANSI B16.9, ASME B16.28

Manufacturing standards are governed under ANSI/ASME B 16.9. Butt-Weld Fittings are available in variety of kinds such as tees, caps, elbows, reducers and outlets.

Pipe elbows

Pipe elbows are used to be installed between two lengths of pipe or tube allowing a change of direction,usually these elbows distinguished by connection ends.

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Pipe bend

The advantage of the pipe bend is that it can adapt to the requirements of long-distance transition and is used to change the direction of the pipeline.

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Pipe tee

A pipe tee is also called triplet,three way and “T” pieces and it can be used to either combine or split a fluid flow.

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Pipe reducers

Pipe Reducers are the component in a pipeline that reduces the pipe size from a larger to a smaller bore (inner diameter).

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End caps

End caps are usually used for protecting the end of pipe and other fittings…

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Stub end

Stub ends are buttweld fittings that can be used alternatively to welding neck flanges to make flanged connections.

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Pipe cross

A pipe cross is a kind of pipe fitting that be used in the place where four pipes meet together.

Saddle previously

Saddle previously is the ventilation ducts ‘crotch tee’, its shaped like pants, there Equal and unequal diameter, the formal name is “tube tapered pants tee.”

Welded connection offers a more robust connection
Continuous metal structure adds to the strength of the piping system
Buttweld fittings with matching pipe schedules, offers seamless flow inside the pipe. A full penetration weld and properly fitted LR 90 Elbow, Reducer, Concentric reducer etc. offers gradual transition via welded pipe fitting.
Option of various turn radius using Short Radius (SR), Long Radius (LR) or 3R Elbows
Cost effective compared to their expensive threaded or socket weld counter parts.
Stainless Steel Welded Fittings are also available in SCH 10, allowing a more thinner wall option.
Stainless Steel Butt Weld Fittings are more common in SCH 10 and SCH 40 configuration.

All butt weld fittings have beveled ends as per ASME B16.25 standard. This helps create full penetration weld without any extra preparation needed for the butt weld fitting.

Butt weld pipe fittings are most commonly available in carbon steel, stainless steel, nickel alloy, aluminum and high yield material. High yield butt weld carbon steel pipe fittings are available in A234-WPB, A234-WPC, A420-WPL6, Y-52, Y-60, Y-65, Y-70. All WPL6 pipe fittings are annealed and are NACE MR0157 and NACE MR0103 compatible.

Materials & Specifications

Material	Grade
Carbon Steel	WPB, WPC, WPL6
Chrome Moly	WP5, WP9, WP11, WP12, WP22
Stainless Steel	304/304L, 316/316L, 304H, 316H, 309, 310S, 317L, 321/321H, 347/347H, 904L, DUPLEX 2205 / SUPER DUPLEX 2507
High Yield Carbon Steel	WPHY42, WPHY52, WPHY65
Nickel Alloys	Alloy 20, 200, 201, 400, 600, 625, 800H/HT, 825, 254SMO, AL6XN, C276, C22, B3, HAST-X

Standard Grades: Carbon, Stainless, Chrome Moly, High Yield, Low Temperature, Aluminum
Types: Elbows, Tees, Reducers, Caps, Stub Ends, Crosses, Laterals, Olets, Return Bends
Sizes: Standard 1/2″ to 48″ (special order larger O.D. fittings)
Wall Sizes: Schedule 20 thru XXH, and Special Wall Sizes
Specialty Items: 3D & 5D Bends, Galvanizing, 100% X-ray Testing

Forged Steel buttweld fittings are manufactured in accordance with ANSI / ASME B16.9.

Manufacturing standards of welded fittings

Standard	Grade
ASME	ANSI B16.9, ANSI B16.28, MSS-SP-43
DIN	DIN2605, DIN2615, DIN2616, DIN2617, DIN28011
EN	EN10253-1, EN10253-2
ASTM A403 – ASME SA403	Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings
ASME B16.9	Factory-Made Wrought Fittings Buttwelding
ASME B16.25	Buttwelding Ends
ASME B16.28	Wrought Steel Short Radius Elbows and Buttwelding Returns
MSS SP-43	Wrought and Fabricated Butt-Welding Fittings for Low Pressure, Corrosion Resistant Applications

Recommended Butt Weld Pipe Fittings

We will help you put together your entire project and ship it to your closest port.

These fittings are the most common type of welded pipe fitting and are specified by nominal pipe size and pipe schedule. Buttweld fittings use seamless or welded pipe as the starting material and are forged (through multiple process) to get he shape of elbows, tees and reducers etc.

End Beveling

Fittings may be made to special dimensions, sizes,shapes, and tolerances by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.Welding Bevel acc. to

ASME B16.9, Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings
ASME B16.28, Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows and Returns
ANSI/ASME B16.25, Buttwelding Ends
MSS SP-97, Socket Welding, Threaded, and Buttwelding Ends

ASME B16.25 (BUTT WELD ENDS)

ASME B16.25 sets standards for the preparation of the ends of components that need to be welded together.

Cut square or slight chamfer, at manufacturer’s option for :

t ≤ 0.19” carbon steel or ferritic alloy steels
t ≤ 0.12” austenitic alloy steels

Benefits of welded fittings

The allowable pressure ratings for fittings designed in accordance with the standard ASME B 16.9–1993 may be calculated as for straight seamless pipe in accordance with the rules established in the applicable section of the ASME B 31 codes for pressure piping.

are strong and leak-proof
minimize the pressure drops and the turbolence along the pipeline
have a long service life

What is a seamless butt weld fitting?

A seamless butt weld pipe fitting is made directly from a section of seamless pipe material, by applying heat and pressure to transform pipe directly into an elbow or other shape.

A seamless fitting has no welded parts by itself, a characteristic demanded in some critical applications.
By comparison, a regular butt weld fitting has one, two or more welds, depending on dimension, shape and manufacturing method.

Buttweld Fittings general

A pipe fitting is defined as a part used in a piping system, for changing direction, branching or for change of pipe diameter, and which is mechanically joined to the system.

There are many different types of fittings and they are the same in all sizes and schedules as the pipe.

Specification & Standards

ASTM: A234 WPB
ASME: B16.9, B.11
NACE: MRO175
MSS: SP-83, SP-95

How are pipe fittings measured ?

(Fittings are also defined by their material grade and whether they are welded or seamless.)
Diameter refers to outside diameter of a pipe or fitting.
The North American standard is known as Nominal Pipe Size (NPS). The International Standard is known as Diameter Nominal (DN). Pipes and fittings are actually made in similar sizes around the world: they are just labeled differently.
From ½ in to 12 inch “Nominal Pipe Size”, outside diameters are slightly larger than indicated size; inside diameters get smaller as schedules grow.
From 14 in and larger “Nominal Pipe Size”, outside diameters are exactly as indicated size; inside diameters get smaller as schedules grow.
As with other North American standards (inch, foot, yard, mile, …), many pipe standards (diameters up to 12 inch and wall thickness) are based on historical precedents (a toolmaker’s dies during US Civil War) rather than a “scientific” method.

What is PVF?

PVF means Pipe, Valve and Fittings, and is widely used as short-hand to describe this industry.

PVFs can be made in a variety of metals or plastics.

Manufacturers typically specialize in special types of materials; distributors can carry narrow or very broad product lines.

Buttweld fittings and their applications

Pipe fittings come in many forms with the most common being threaded fittings, socket weld fittings and buttweld fittings. This blog will explore the advantages of all three types, but especially the advantages of buttweld fittings and their applications.

Chemical / Petrochemical
Municipal
Food, Beverage, and Dairy
Oil and Gas
Power

Process Instrumentation
Pulp and Paper
Semiconductor
Marine & dredging
Sanitation

Flanges Used in Piping Systems
Irrigation
Residential
Road & highway construction
Ventilation etc.

Pipe fittings are essential parts of pipelines as they allow for the following:

A change in direction for the liquid flowing through the pipes
Branching of the pipe to allow the liquid to flow in two separate directions
A reduction in pipe diameter
The attachment of auxiliary equipment
The end of the pipeline

All the buttweld fittings supplied by Special Piping Materials are designed in accordance to ASME standards.

Advantages:

Buttweld fittings can withstand pressures and temperatures in very harsh environments. They are generally considered to be the most robust welding fixture, no matter what industry it is required for. However, they do take a considerable time to fit and a highly skilled installer is required to weld them correctly on site.

Welded connection offers a more robust, a stronger and a more leak-proof piping connections.
The nature of the continuous metal structure provides added strength to the overall piping system.
The smooth inner surface and gradual directional changes provide a seamless flow, thus minimising pressure drops and turbulence inside the pipe.
Provide the option of various different turn radiuses due to the manufacture of Short Radius fittings, Long Radius fittings and 3R Elbows.
They are cost effective compared to the counterpart fittings in the threaded or socket weld varieties.
They have a long service life and are cost effective to purchase and deploy.
Buttweld fittings can withstand corrosion and erosion more effectively than its socket weld and threaded equivalents.
A welded system uses comparatively less space that the other alternatives.

How a Butt Weld Fitting is Made?

A butt weld pipe fitting is made by the process of hot forming that includes bending and forming to shape. The starting material of butt weld fitting is a pipe that is cut to length, heated and molded into specific shapes by means of dyes. Heat treatment is also done to remove residual stresses and obtain desired mechanical properties.

These fittings are produced using latest technology, ensuring excellent strength and long service life. The process needs a lesser amount of heat treatments to ensure better physical properties.

The series of steps involved in the manufacturing Process of Buttweld Fittings are given in a detailed view below:

Annealing :

Annealing is also known as heat treatment, which plays an active role in the production. In this step, the tubes are carried out in fully automated and conveyor to heat them at certain temperature. Once the tubes get heated, they immediately quench in water.

Straightening :

The tubes are straightened with the help of straightening machine to provide a high degree of straightness in this step.

Pickling :

The process of Pickling refers to the removal of high temperature scale and adjacent low chromium layer of metal from the surface of stainless steel.

Passivation :

Passivation is the process of treating the surface of stainless steels in order to eliminate the contaminants from the metal. The process also helps in promoting the formation of a continuous passive film on a freshly created surface.

Polishing :

The final step, is named as Polishing that reflects the wonderful quality, high aesthetic & hygienic value and high durability of buttweld fittings. Polishing is a essential step to gain excellent features for meeting the varied demands of clients